Thus, OBPs’ selective interaction with ligands, their expression in the antenna and their significant impact on behavior when silenced demonstrated their direct involvement in olfaction. However, OBPs that demonstrated a weak interaction with 1-octen-3-ol did not affect the behavioral response, even though it was successfully silenced. We found that silencing OBPs that interact with 1-octen-3-ol significantly abolished flies’ attraction to 1-octen-3-ol, a known attractant for tsetse fly. Furthermore, we successfully silenced a specific OBP expressed in the antenna via dsRNAi feeding to decipher its function. Short odorant exposure induced a fast alteration in the transcription of OBP genes. GffObp99 was absent in the female antenna but expressed in the male antenna. Our tissue expression study demonstrated that GffLush was conserved in legs and antenna in both sexes, whereas GffObp44 and GffObp69 were expressed in the legs but absent in the antenna. Here, we investigated the role of OBPs in Glossina fuscipes fuscipes olfaction, the main vector of sleeping sickness, using multidisciplinary approaches. In tsetse flies, the function of OBPs in olfaction is less understood. For example, odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are soluble proteins found in sensillum lymph that might encounter odorants before reaching the odorant receptors. Olfaction is orchestrated at different stages and involves various proteins at each step. Thus, OBPs selective interaction with ligands, their expression in the antenna and significant impact on behaviour when silenced demonstrated their direct involvement in olfaction. However, OBPs that demonstrated weak interaction with 1-octen-3-ol did not affect the behavioural response even though it was successfully silenced. We found that silencing OBPs that interact with 1-octen-3-ol significantly abolished flies’ attraction to 1-octen-3-ol a known at-tractant for tsetse fly. Furthermore, we successfully silenced specific OBP expressed in antenna via dsRNAi feeding to decipher its function. Short odorants exposure induced a fast alteration in the transcription of OBP genes. Herein, we investigated the role of OBPs in Glossina fuscipes fuscipes olfaction, main vector of sleeping sickness using multidisciplinary approaches. For example, Odorant binding proteins (OBPs) are soluble proteins found in sensillum lymph that might encounter odorants before reaching the odorant receptors. Olfaction is orchestrated at different stage and involves various proteins at each step. These findings suggest that this new technology may make vector control in HAT foci an affordable option. Working on four species of tsetse fly we have shown that a small 25×25 cm target with adjacent flanking net was up to 38x more cost-effective at killing tsetse flies than existing devices. Our aim is to develop a more cost-effective device than those currently available. However, these methods in their current form are often too expensive for routine use against the riverine tsetse species that are the major vectors of sleeping sickness. In many areas, especially those lacking high densities of cattle, the only control option for routine use against tsetse flies are insecticide-treated targets or biconical traps. Consequently vector control is the only method of disease prevention. Currently there are no vaccines or prophylactic drugs available to prevent contraction of the disease. Sleeping Sickness (Human African Trypanosomiasis) is a serious threat to health and development in sub-Saharan Africa.
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